Recursion

Consider the following C program:

#include <stdio.h>
void fX();
int main(){
   fX();
   return 0;}
void fX(){
   char a;
   if((a=getchar()) != '\n')
       fX();
   if(a != '\n')
       putchar(a);}

Assume that the input to the program from the command line is 1234 followed by a newline character. Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?

Consider the following C program:

#include <stdio.h>

int counter = 0;

int calc (int a, int b) {
    int c;

    counter++;
    if (b==3) return (a*a*a);
    else {
        c = calc(a, b/3);
        return (c*c*c);
    }
}

int main (){
    calc(4, 81);
    printf ("%d", counter);
}

The output of this program is _____.

Consider the following program written in pseudo-code. Assume that x and y are integers.

Count(x,y) {
    if (y != 1){
        if (x != 1) {
            print("*");
            Count(x/2, y);
        }
        else {
            y = y-1;
            Count(1024, y);
        }
    }
}

The number of times that the print statement is executed by the call Count(1024,1024) is _____.